The list of concepts, definitions, laws and relations to memorize when taking PY 105 course

For each physical quantity a students must be able to answer the following questions:

1. what is its name;

2. what is a usual symbol for the quantity;

3. what is its unit;

4. how to measure the quantity;

5. to what other physical quantities is this quantity related;

6. how is this physical quantity algebraically related to other physical quantities?

 


a scalar, a vector

a component

a right triangle

sin, cos, tan

the Pythagorean theorem

Coordinate system

Cartesian coordinate system

an axis

an origin

a coordinate

Cartesian vector components

linear equation

quadratic equation

quadratic formula

a unit

fundamental (base) units

SI system of units

unit conversion

conversion factor

prefix words

etalon

measurement

significant figures

motion

1 D motion

2 D motion

translational motion

linear motion (LM)

position

position vector

displacement

distance

elapsed time

velocity

speed

average velocity

average speed

instantaneous velocity

motion equation

motion diagram

position graph

velocity graph

meaning of the slope

meaning of the area

constant velocity motion (CVM)

properties of CVM

acceleration

average acceleration

instantaneous acceleration

motion with constant acceleration (MCA)

properties of MCA

relative motion

velocity addition

Òcrossing the riverÓ

projectile motion (PM)

range

properties of PM

inertia

force

list of forces

NewtonÕs 1st law

NewtonÕs 2nd law

NewtonÕs 3rd law

principle of superposition of forces

FBD

force of gravity vs. apparent weight

weightless

kinetic friction vs. static friction

coefficient of friction

a pulley

an ideal string

an AtwoodÕs machine

methods for applying NewtonÕs laws

circular motion (CM)

circumference

radius

uniform circular motion (UCM)

period

frequency

centripetal acceleration

properties of horizontal UCM

properties of vertical UCM

properties of vertical CM

kinetic energy

work

work-force connection

force-position graph

power

power-force connection

work-kinetic energy theorem

conservative force

potential energy

gravitational potential energy

mechanical energy

non-conservative force

law of conservation of energy

impulse of a force

linear momentum

force-tine graph

closed (isolated) system

law of conservation of linear momentum

a collision

elasticity

four types of collisions

methods for solving collision problems

center of mass (COM)

calculating COM

a solid object

rotational motion

axis of rotation

an arc

angular displacement

angular velocity

angular acceleration

degrees vs. radians

connections RM to LM

torque

lever arm

calculating torque

rotational inertia (RI)

NewtonÕs  1st law for RM

NewtonÕs  2nd law for RM

static equilibrium

conditions for static equilibrium

solving problems on static equilibrium

 

Table of RI

parallel axis theorem

applications of NewtonÕs  laws for RM

angular momentum

rotational kinetic energy

rotational impulse

rotational work

work-kinetic energy theorem

rolling

rolling without slipping

special cases of rolling (a spool, racing objects, AtwoodÕs machine)

law of conservation of energy

law of conservation of angular momentum

gravity

force of gravity

NewtonÕs law of gravitation

principle of superposition

gravitational field

gravitational potential energy

bound system

energy of a bound system

orbits

escape speed

stable equilibrium

unstable equilibrium

restoring force

oscillations

small oscillations

HookeÕs law

NewtonÕs 2nd law for SHM

simple harmonic motion (SHM)

SHM for horizontal spring

analogy between SHM and UCM

motion equation for SHM

S, V, A graphs for SHM

period

frequency

angular frequency

amplitude

elastic potential energy

energy graphs

conservation of energy

SHM for a vertical spring

a simple pendulum

SHM for a simple pendulum

a physical pendulum

SHM for a physical pendulum

fluids

density

pressure

pressure in a static fluid

atmospheric pressure

gauge pressure

absolute pressure

the PascalÕs law

the buoyant force

ArchimedesÕ principle

A static equilibrium for objects in liquid

solving buoyancy problems

fluid dynamics

an ideal fluid

streamline flow

an incompressible fluid

mass flow rate

volume flow rate

the continuity equation

the BernoulliÕs equation

solving fluid dynamics problems

temperature

temperature scales

thermal contact

thermal conduction

thermal equilibrium

measuring temperature

heat

internal energy

meaning of temperature

meaning of heat

thermal expansion

coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)

linear, areal, and volumetric CTE

heat capacity

specific heat (capacity)

thermally insulated system

heat balance equation (an equation for thermal equilibrium)

phase transition

critical temperature

latent heat (capacity)

method for solving thermal equilibrium problems

convection

thermal radiation

thermal conduction

thermal conductivity

the ideal gas

absolute temperature

a mole

the AvogadroÕs number

the universal gas constant

RMS values

the ideal gas law

iso - laws

graphs for gas processes (PV, VT, PT diagrams)

the BoltzmannÕs constant

the meaning of the absolute temperature

the meaning of the pressure

degree of freedom

the equipartition theorem

monatomic, diatomic, polyatomic gas

calculating internal energy

the first law of thermodynamics

work done by gas

calculating specific heat (Cv, Cp)

isothermal process

adiabatic process

thermodynamic cycle

work done over a cycle

heat engine

entropy

second law of thermodynamics

heat engine efficiency

the Carnot cycle

maximum (ideal) heat engine efficiency

a heat pump and a refrigerato